Inflammatory Bowel Disease or IBD is a group of disease, this term is used to describe disorders that involve chronic inflammation in the intestine or digestive tract. Types of IBD are:

Ulcerative colitis- This cause inflammation and sores only in large intestine (colon) and rectum. It mainly starts at the rectum and then spread further into colon.

Crohn’s disease- This can affect any part of GI tract from mouth to anus. Affected areas appear in patches.

SYMPTOMS:

Fatigue

Blood in stool

Abdominal pain

Weight loss

Persistent diarrhoea.

CAUSES:

The exact cause is still remained unknown but one possible cause is may be the abnormal functioning of immune system. An abnormal immune system attacks own healthy cells and cause autoimmune disorders.

RISK FACTORS:

 Causes are not cleared yet but some risk factors might increase the risk of developing IBD:

Age- people younger than 30 mostly diagnosed with this.

Family history

Smoking

Some medications also cause for example non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications.

DIAGNOSIS:

IBD can be diagnosed by-

Blood test, stool test

Combination of endoscopy and colonoscopy

Imaging procedures (x-ray, CT scan, MRI).

 

 

TREATMENT:

there are many types of medications that can be used in the treatment of IBD. The main motive of treatment in IBD is just to reduce the signs and symptoms. Medications such as:

anti-inflammatory drugs, immune system suppressors, antibiotics, nutritional support, etc.

 

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353315

https://www.cdc.gov/ibd/what-is-IBD.htm